Dangerous and difficult decipherment

How dangerous and difficult is the problem of deciphering Paul's letters? His contemporary Peter[1] warned that "in them are some confusing[2] things, which the undiscipled[3] and unstable[4] twist[5], as also the other scriptures, to their own destruction of themselves" (2 Peter 3:16). A similar warning comes from the conflict-filled, modern history of Christianity. Differences of opinion about the meaning of Paul's texts have played a leading role here.[6]
Why are Paul's letters so confusing? Can language sciences[7] help solve the problem, with diagnosis or cure?[8]
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[1] For a recent overview of the arguments for and against Peter's authorship of 2 Peter, see D.A. Keating, First and Second Peter, Jude, Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture, Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2011, pp. 127-9; a skeptical, opposing summary of arguments is provided by J.N.D. Kelly, A commentary on the epistles of Peter and of Jude, Black's New Testament commentaries, London: Black, 1969, pp. 235-6.
[2] dysnóeta: i.e. difficult to understand
[3] amatheîs: i.e. untaught, untrained
[4] astériktos: i.e. "not supported by a staff", "not remaining still" (LSJ), "weak" (BDAG)
[5] streblóo: i.e. distort, stretch, torture, pervert (LSJ)
[6] For example, the Protestant-Catholic/Orthodox schism is usually traced back to Martin Luther's "Reformation Discovery" of an alternative interpretation of Romans 1:17. See e.g. A. Hastings et al (eds), The Oxford Companion to Christian Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000, p. 399; F.L. Cross & E.A Livingstone (eds), The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd edn, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 1008.
[7] By "language sciences" I refer to the highly diverse field of disciplines that aim to study language, including Philology, Linguistics (Grammar/Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics, Morphology), Sociolinguistics, Psycholinguistics, Text Linguistics, Discourse Analysis, Conversation Analysis, Literary Criticism, Translation Studies, Semiotics, Logic, and the Philosophy of Language.
[8] St. Peter's cure ought to be noted without delay: he advises readers to reject any antinomian (moral libertarian) interpretation of St. Paul's letters (see 2 Peter 3:11-18, cp. 1 Peter 1:13-2:25).